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The 6 Regions of Southern Italy

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6 Regions of Southern Italy
6 Regions of Southern Italy
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The 6 Regions Of Southern Italy

Southern Italy is divided into 6 regions and is a part of Italy that always seems to be less discovered. That said when you start to look at some of the iconic places and attractions the area has to offer you have to wonder why.

I have always felt that Southern Italy lends itself to a road trip. All of Italy is a driving dream yet these undiscovered southern Italian towns, old fishing villages and beaches are just waiting to be discovered and explored by car.

There are the stylish towns of Capri and Positano offering the wow factor with their houses perched on the edge of cliffs overlooking the blue seas. Naples gives us mystery, mafia and charm and I have always associated it with football and Maradona. There is the great town of Sorrento perched on the cliffs and feeding down to the coast with its busy marina, charming streets and busy beaches.

These 6 regions of Southern Italy deliver an authentic taste of Italy coupled with that glorious Mediterranean sunshine.

Abruzzo

Abruzzo is located in central Italy and is considered the greenest region of Italy. It stretches from the heart of the Apennines to the Adriatic Sea, on mostly mountainous and wild terrain. The region’s capital is L’Aquila.

L’Aquila is the region’s main art city and therefore has a cosmopolitan feel. However, very sadly the city is now more famous as having been rocked by a massive earthquake in 2009. The grandeur is gone and being rebuilt.

Attractions of the Abruzzo Region

Pescasseroli, Rivisondoli & Roccaraso – popular winter ski resorts.

Gran Sasso, Laga Mountains, and Mount Majella – are popular mountains, peaks and hills rich in history, traditions and art.

Aterno Valley – an area full of ancient villages and pretty scenery.

National Park of Abruzzo, the Park of Gran Sasso and the Laga Mountains – for species such as golden eagle, wolves and the Marsican brown bear.

Gran Sasso, Abruzzo, Southern Italy
Gran Sasso, Abruzzo, Southern Italy

Basilicata

Basilicata is located between Calabria and Apulia, in the south of Italy and is known for its forests and small charming villages that cover the mountainside. The region’s capital is Potenza.

Potenza is one of the highest regional capitals in Italy and overlooks the Basento valley. With a Roman history, the town hosts several historical sites and monuments. Potenza can be explored on foot since most attractions are limited to the centre of the town and with the roads here quite picturesque it makes walking around very enjoyable.

Attractions of the Basilicata Region

Matera – an incredible town famous for its caves and being one of the oldest settlements in the world.

Monticchio Lakes – is one of the most spectacular locations in Basilicata.

Lake Grande and Lake Piccolo – are two splendid stretches of water that fill the two craters of the extinct Mount Vulture.

Metaponto and Policoro – coastal resorts offering wide sandy or pebble beaches.

The Gulf of Policastro – an area of coastal villages, small beaches and crystal-clear seas.

Matera, Puglia, Italy
Matera, Puglia, Italy

Calabria

Calabria is at the toe of the boot, in the extreme south of Italy and separated from Sicily by the Strait of Messina. The capital of the region is Catanzaro.

Catanzaro is an old town with a beach and a little fishing port on a rock split into two parts by the steep Fiumarella valley. These two parts are connected by a huge concrete steel bridge of Viadotto Morandi –  one of the tallest one-arch bridges in Europe. There is a pedestrian walkway, the Strada dei Due Mari where you can enjoy fantastic panoramas of the region.

Historical monuments include the Duomo Cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta and the Piazza Duomo.

Attractions of the Calabria Region

Reggio Calabria – a coastal city hosting the National Archaeological Museum

Cosenza – a town recognised for its spectacular beauty and history.

Crotone – a town popular for its panoramic location and  its classic Italian lifestyle

Campania

Campania is one of the regions of Southern Italy and stretches along the Tyrrhenian Sea, from the mouth of the Garigliano River to the Gulf of Policastro. It is well known for its beautiful coast, art, history and cuisine. The region’s capital is Naples.

I read an article about Naples and it was described as a tattered beautyโ€ฆ Naples is raw, it has a chequered history and even today it is not perfect but then perhaps thatโ€™s why it appeals to some more than any other Italian city. It is that rough diamond and the black sheep of the family.

Naples has its very own character and an old-world charm. Like many Italian cities though it is full of narrow cobbled streets, bars restaurants and galleries. Washing hangs up high down every side street and markets are bustling with shoppers touching feeling, smelling and discussing the fresh local produce.

Neapolitans, despite their dodgy reputation, welcome visitors like guests to their home and with so much to do both in the city and throughout the region of Campania it’s worth a visit! 

Sorrento is a small but popular resort perched picturesquely on a plateau above the sea with spectacular views over the Bay of Naples.

It has long been a favourite with British tourists as a gateway to the Amalfi Coast and it also has good train connections for a 30-minute transfer costing 2-3 euros to Pompeii and regular fast ferry connections to Naples and Capri. The Piazza Tasso is a delight and bordered by high-quality hotels, shops and restaurants. As well as the buzzing and historical town, there are the beaches, nearby traditional villages and rural walks through lemon and olive groves.

Attractions of the Campania Region

Capri – an island in Italyโ€™s Bay of Naples, known for its rugged landscape, high-class hotels, shopping and its Blue Grotto.

Ischia – A short ferry ride from Naples, this small volcanic island is known for its thermal springs and mud baths.

Positano is one of the most beautiful cliffside villages in Italy. Artists, writers and singers are all attracted to the white houses and gardens.

Pompeii โ€“ the famous city buried by an eruption from nearby Mount Vesuvius in the year 79 AD.

Pompeii, Campania, The 6 Regions of Southern Italy
Pompeii, Campania, The 6 Regions of Southern Italy

Molise

Molise is situated in south-central Italy and is known for its nature, history, art, age-old traditions and good food. The region’s capital is Campobasso.

Campobasso was once famous for making cutlery but over time this has dwindled and replaced with paving tiles and soaps. The city has various historical sites of interest including the Castello Monforte with six towers of the medieval wall remains in the old town, where there are also the Romanesque churches of San Bartolomeo and San Giorgio.

Attractions of the Molise Region

The National Park of Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise – nature reserves ideal for walking and wildlife watching.

Campitello Matese and Capracotta – the area’s best-loved ski resorts

Puglia

Puglia, a southern region forming the heel of Italyโ€™s โ€œboot,โ€ is known for its whitewashed hill towns, centuries-old farmland and hundreds of kilometres of Mediterranean coastline. The region’s capital is Bari.

Bari is a gorgeous old town with a pretty bustling traditional harbour and some of Italy’s finest beaches nearby.

The old harbour is where the traditional fishing boats land their catches and sell their seafood straight off their boats. This is traditional Bari life and wonderful to witness. The atmospheric old town is called Bari Vecchio. Sitting on a peninsula overlooking the old harbour, this walled part of the city is full of narrow alleyways, cobbled streets and small piazzas, just begging to be explored.

The beaches in Bari start along the Longomare and keep on going while the harbour front Teatro Margherita, is one of the cityโ€™s most loved and iconic buildings and is now home to much of the city’s contemporary art scene.

Attractions of the Puglia Region

Lecce – an art city and Baroque jewel scattered with outstanding masterpieces and landmarks.

Gargano – the โ€œspur of the Italian bootโ€  is home to pristine nature, wonderful beaches, charming villages, and olive and citrus groves.

Alberobello and Itria Valley – set in beautiful countryside this is the valley of quaint villages like Alberobello, Locorotondo and Cisternino.

Ostuni – the โ€œWhite Cityโ€ due to its whitewashed houses.

Tremiti Islands – a nature reserve of five islands. This is a diver’s paradise as the only archipelago in the region.

Torre Guaceto Nature Reserve – a natural oasis and protected sea area.

Castel del Monte – a castle built by Emperor Frederick II in the XIII century and the regionโ€™s most visited monument.

Castellana Caves – a huge group of underground caves which are considered the most spectacular in Italy

Salento – an area of white sand beaches and crystal-clear waters nicknamed โ€œthe Maldives of Italyโ€.

Bari, Italy
Bari, Italy

Contact Information

For further information on taking a trip to any region of Italy or Europe, contact your local travel agent, a specialist tour operator or the Italian National Tourist Office.

If you are interested in the North Of Italy why not check out my recent Italian Adventure taking in the best cities and lakes between Venice and Bergamo. .

The 4 Regions of Central Italy

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Florence, Italy
Florence
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The 4 Regions Of Central Italy

Central Italy is divided into four main regions โ€“ Tuscany, Umbria, Le Marches, and Lazio. They provide some of the most spectacular scenery in the country including the capital, Rome with its ancient treasures and stunning shopping and ambience.

Summers in these regions are hotter and longer than those of the north, while the winters are much colder inland. The cuisine in Central Italy focuses on meat dishes and leafy vegetables, There is also a rich farming tradition, with many unusual crops grown in the hills or mountains.

I will always remember a magical holiday in a villa deep in the heart of the Tuscany countryside yet within easy reach of the majesty of Florence, the stunning town of Siena, and the iconic city of Pisa with its leaning tower.

There is something quite idyllic about the Italian countryside of Central Italy and when mixed with the tremendous wine and food, you have a little piece of Italian heaven.

Lazio

Lazio is a central Italian region bordering the Tyrrhenian Sea. The capital of the region, and the country, is Rome, the heart of the ancient Roman Empire.

I visited the Eternal City of Rome back in the 1990s and remember it as this big brute of a city but with a huge sprinkling of romance, character, incredible history, and astonishing art! I ticked off all the signature sights including the Colosseum, the Roman Forum, the Pantheon, St Peterโ€™s Basilica, and the Vatican. As you walk the streets and stumble upon sculptures by Michelangelo, paintings by Caravaggio, frescoes by Raphael, and fountains by Bernini you realize that there is nowhere in the world quite like Rome.

With all the sightseeing I found a great place to catch my breath at the famous Trevi fountain. Yes, it’s full of tourists taking pictures (today it’s selfies) and gazing longingly into one another eyes but hey thatโ€™s what you do on a city break to Romeโ€ฆ.. isnโ€™t it?

I liked a market square called Campo de’ Fiori which is a busy area full of tourists and locals buying everything from fresh fruits, flowers, and vegetables to local olive oil and wine.

For views of the city, it’s hard to beat the Ponte Umberto where you can watch the sunset while admiring the Ponte Santโ€™Angelo, Castel Santโ€™Angelo, and the dome of St. Peterโ€™s Basilica.

The Spanish Steps are not far from here and ideal to visit towards the end of the day as the Spagna metro stop is right by them so it’s easy to get back to your hotel or the airport if needed.

In the evening fashionable drinkers descend on the cityโ€™s bars and cafes for deep conversation and plenty of Italian choreographed gesticulation and flailing of arms!

Rome is magnificent and huge…. so you need two or three days to do it at your own pace!

Attractions of the Lazio Region

Ostia Antica – an archaeological park.

Pontine Islands – an archipelago of six volcanic islands – Ponza, Palmarola, Zannone, Gavi, Ventotene, and Santo Stefano.

Castel Gandolfo – an area on the Alban hills and the venue of the Pope’s summer residence, noble villas and high-class cuisine.

Civita di Bagnoregio – known as โ€œthe Dying Cityโ€, is this historic village perched on a hillside and accessible through a pedestrian bridge.

Sperlonga – one of the โ€œBorghi piรน belli dโ€™Italiaโ€ – Italyโ€™s most beautiful villages.

Tarquinia – a town of artists with an extraordinary necropolis, medieval monuments and a nature reserve.

Gardens of Bomarzo – a park with XVI-century basalt sculptures depicting monsters, deities and mythological beings.

Tivoli – a peaceful city outside of Rome with magnificent villas.

National Park of Circeo –ย  a wide UNESCO-protected area along the coast between Anzio and Terracina.

Rome, Lazio, The 4 Regions of Central Italy
Rome, Lazio, The 4 Regions of Central Italy

The Marches

This region of Central Italy is well known for its beaches cliffs and caves, backed by hills and mountains popular in the winter for skiing. Ancona is the regional capital.

Ancona is an ancient city founded by the Greeks. Split into two parts – the historic centre on Monte Guasco and the modern part on the coast.

Among its standout monuments is the Cathedral of San Ciriaco, with its white and rose marble faรงade. The Cathedral dominates the city from the heights of Guasco Hill, where the cityโ€™s Acropolis was built.

Attractions of The Marches Region

Senigallia – a seaside resort and popular lido for people-watching.

Gabicce Mare, Pesaro, Fano, Civitanova Marche and San Benedetto del Tronto – fashionable resorts frequented by high society.

Monti Sibillini and Monti Della Laga National Parks – for wildlife and the great outdoors

Conero Riviera offers amazing views and patches of still unspoilt land, often only accessible via the sea or footpaths carved into the green Mediterranean scrub.

The Frasassi Caves – age-old limestone caves.

Piceno and the Esino Valley – An area rich in orchards and vineyards.

Tuscany

Tuscany is perhaps Italy’s most compelling and beautiful region combining natural beauty with heavenly towns and cities. The region’s capital is Florence.

Florence is incredible. As someone who does not embrace the cultural scene in terms of statues of men’s genitalia, broken pots, and museums I have to say Florence delivered it to me on a whole different level!

The palaces, museums, and churches are home to some of the greatest artistic treasures in the world. The most popular and important sites in Florence include the jaw-dropping Basilica of Santa Maria del Fiore, the Baptistery, the Uffizi Gallery, the Bargello and the Accademia. Add to this, the numerous churches, art galleries, and the library of San Lorenzo dedicated to Michelangelo’s architectural genius and you have a city of world renown.

Despite the heavyweight culture, Florence has a small-town feel, with its meandering cobbled streets, tiny boutiques, and eateries. These are great as after a long day sightseeing all you sometimes need is an ice-cold beer and a bowl of pasta! Well, I do anyhow!

If you are looking at spreading out beyond the main centre then why not visit the Boboli Gardens or climb up the hill to the church of San Miniato al Monte for some of the very best views of the area?

Siena – When someone asks me if I have any recommendations for Italy they will, I guess, expect me to suggest the signature cities like Rome, Venice, or Florence but actually, the first name on my lips is always Siena. I spent an afternoon and evening here which is not long enough, back in the late nineties, and was bowled over by the charm and the character of this pretty, small yet atmospheric medieval town. Siena is famous for the Palio – a horse race around the dome shape of Piazza del Campo. I am not keen on this event as I know many horses are injured partaking so once again Italy is generating this love-hate feeling but putting that to one side the rest of the town is incredible.

The Duomo di Siena is one of the standout buildings off the main Piazza as well as the Torre del Mangia which you can climb for amazing views of the town.  Every Wednesday, itโ€™s the biggest market Tuscany has to offer, and it’s at La Lizza. The gorgeous little back streets of Siena at dusk are a dream – the sound of scooters and footsteps on cobbled streets as people shop for local leather goods or stock up on fresh fruit, vegetables, cheese, and wine is to them just everyday life but to me its why I travel. Siena is in my opinion, the best of Italy.

Pisa is of course renowned for its leaning tower which is simply magnificent as is the area immediately around it – the Campo Dei Miracoli or the Piazza del Duomois. This is a large, green open space hosting a group of monuments that are famous all over the world – the baptistery, the cathedral, the cemetery, and the world-famous leaning tower. The Piazza has been on UNESCOโ€™s list of World Heritage sites since 1987.

To the southeast of the Campo, on the river, youโ€™ll find the Museo Nazionale di San Matteo, a fine collection of art and sculpture, while west along the Arno is the Palazzo Reale. A strip of unattractive beach resorts stretches north along the coast from near Pisa to the Ligurian border. This Riviera Della Versilia should be something more special, given the dramatic backdrop of the Alpi Apuane, but the beaches share the coastal plain with a railway, autostrada, and roads.  

Overall I was disappointed in Pisa โ€“ yes the tower is an amazing site but the hordes of tourists taking the money shot backed by stalls selling souvenir books and tacky model leaning towers was not for meโ€ฆ

Attractions of the Tuscany Region

San Gimignano –  a beautifully well-preserved medieval town with tall towers and narrow alleys.

Val dโ€™Orcia – a valley of winding slopes dotted with cypresses and vineyards.

Chianti –ย  somewhere you are likely to find me is a naturally beautiful area famous for its wine. Viareggio – a seaside Riviera-style resort known for its carnival.ย 

Lucca – a city on the Serchio river known for its well-preserved Renaissance walls encircling the city centre.

Baratti Gulf – many stunning beaches in the coastal area between Livorno and Grosseto.

Elba Island –  with its amazing beaches and clear waters.

Pisa, Tuscany, Central Italy
Pisa, Tuscany, Central Italy

Umbria

The region of Umbria comprises mainly hills, mountains, hollows, and plains and extends along the Tiberโ€™s central basin. The region’s capital is Perugia.

Like many Italian towns, Perugia is steeped in history.  The centre is on a hilltop and is packed with medieval lanes and fine buildings. Corso Vannucci, the town’s principal street, is pedestrianized and leads to the main square, Piazza IV Novembre. The town’s cathedral, the Duomo or Cattedrale si San Lorenzo has a baroque facade and Roman ruins

Perugia has two major universities, one of which is for foreigners and this has led to a lot of bars and student digs catering to the younger audience and has brought a drinking culture to parts of the town.

Attractions of the Umbria Region

Lake Trasimeno is central Italyโ€™s largest lake. 

Castiglione del Lago – ancient dwellings amid a natural landscape.

The Cascate delle Marmore – waterfalls near Terni.

The River Nera – is an area popular for sports lovers who enjoy canoeing, and kayaking.

Carsulae – an ancient Roman town.

The Dunarobba Fossil Forest is an ancient forest that existed 3 million years ago.

Contact Information

For further information on taking a trip to any region of Italy, contact your local travel agent, a specialist tour operator or the Italian National Tourist Office.

If you are considering a trip to the North of Italy then check out my recent Italian Adventure.

The 8 Regions of Northern Italy

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The 8 Regions of Northern Italy, Lake Garda
The 8 Regions of Northern Italy, Lake Garda
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The 8 Regions Of Northern Italy

Northern Italy is divided into 8 regions and boasts some of Italy’s most iconic cities, sites and attractions.

From Modena – the spiritual home of Ferrari to Turin and the home of Juventus – the Old Lady of world football. There is Genoa, the gateway to cruising the Mediterranean and Trieste, an ideal starting point for a trip into Slovenia, Croatia and beyond. There is also Verona – home to opera and so much more.

Then there is the jewel of the North and Venice. possibly the most beautiful city in the world with its canals, architecture and sheer class enticing the rich and the famous not to mention the romantics from across the world. I loved Venice just for the pure sense of relaxation you feel when wandering around the city’s little cobbled streets and St Mark’s Square.

Northern Italy is a dream – the food, the wine, the people, the scenery, the history – it is a part of Europe that is incomparable and one that holds a special place in my heart.

Check out my Italian Adventure when I took a trip from Venice to Bergamo visiting several beautiful cities, lakes and regions en route.

Aosta Valley

Aosta Valley is a small mountainous region of Italy located in the North West between France and Switzerland. The regional capital is Aosta.

Aosta is rich in monuments from pre-historical, Roman, medieval and even later times. The thousand-year-old Santโ€˜Orsa craft fair is held each year in the centre of Aosta on the 30 and 31 of January.

Attracting visitors from all across the region there is a wide range of interests including wood carvings, soapstone, ironwork, lace and woollen fabrics, as well as farming equipment, furniture, household utensils and sculptures.

Attractions of the Aosta Valley Region

The Alps – Cervino, Monte Rosa, Gran Paradiso and then there is Mont Blanc, which at 15,781 feet is the highest mountain in Europe.

Courmayeur – is one of Italy’s signature ski resorts with an amazing cable car ride and sensational views to take in.

The Gran Paradiso – a national park where it is still possible to see ibex, chamois, eagles and marmots in their natural surroundings.

Aosta Valley, Italy
Aosta Valley, Italy

Emilia Romagna

Emilia Romagna lies between the River Po to its north and the Apennine Mountains (to its south). It is one of the most fertile and productive regions of Italy. The capital of the region is Bologna.

Bologna is Europe’s oldest university town and therefore quite a lively, historic capital of the Emilia-Romagna region. Its Piazza Maggiore is an enormous plaza lined with cafes and medieval and Renaissance structures such as the City Hall, the Fountain of Neptune and the Basilica di San Petronio. Then there is Piazza Verdi which attracts musicians and arty students, while the many bars under the arches of Piazza Santo Stefano are a great spot for a sundowner.

At weekends the central Via Ugo Bassi and Via Rizzoli, along with perpendicular Via ellโ€™Indipendenza, are pedestrianised and filled with shoppers and street performers. In the evenings, cafes are packed with people as the city is flooded with Bolognesi.

Attractions of the Emilia Romagna Region

Emilia Romagna – occupies an interior and a coastline and is a hotbed for music, cinema and art.

Rimini, Riccione and Cattolica – for sun sea and entertainment these resorts are some of the region’s most popular.

The Apennines – between Parma and Piacenza are ideal for outdoor pursuits such as horse riding in the splendid parks and nature reserves.

Salsomaggiore and Bagno di Romagna – two popular wellness spas.

Modena – a visit to the home of Ferrari is a must for all motorsport fans.

Parma – a city famous for its architecture, music, art, prosciutto (ham), cheese and surrounding countryside.

Bologna, Emilia Romagna, Italy

Friuli Venezia Giulia

Friuli-Venezia Giulia – an area with a mixture of influences and some off-the-beaten-track destinations. This region is situated in Italy’s northeast corner and borders Slovenia and Austria. The capital is Trieste.

Trieste – a city I have flown to for access to Slovenia and also Istria in Northern Croatia. Trieste looks out over the blue Adriatic, white limestone cliffs and green hills. The cityโ€™s main squares are lined with spectacular neoclassical buildings, and the much-photographed canal has an endless number of cafes and restaurants. 

Trieste has a seafaring history and while there are some parts which need investment and modernisation, in the heart of Trieste are the delightful and popular streets of the Borgo Teresiano. A well-visited attraction is to climb to the top of the San Giusto hill for the best views of the city.

Attractions of the Friuli Venezia Region

Friuli Venezia Giulia overlooks the Adriatic Sea and is surrounded by high mountain

The impressive Carso plateau is formed by windswept rocks and soil erosion has created a series of caves.

The Carnia & Julian Alps – mountain sceneries of the Eastern Dolomites are spectacular as well as the lakes & valleys.

Lignana Sabbiadoro – a tourist resort between Veneto up to Monfalcone and a coastline dotted with lagoons and sandy beaches.

Monfalcone to Trieste – a rocky wild coastline.

Trieste, Friuli Venezia, Italy

Liguria

Ideal for a seaside or walking holiday, the region enjoys a mild climate in winter with the capital being Genoa.

I visited Genoa a few years back and had the pleasure of an afternoon and evening in the city before heading off on a cruise ship the following day. The city is Italy’s largest seaport and an incredibly important gateway to the Mediterranean for many holidaymakers. It also boasts a pretty old harbour, a popular aquarium and a lovely historic city centre comprising a labyrinth of narrow alleyways and the Cathedral of San Lorenzo known locally as the Duomo di Genova.

Many visitors including those I travelled with often take the trip 15 miles journey south by land or boat down to Portofino which is an exclusive town well known for its pastel-coloured houses, a small port and pretty bays. It is a great lunch stop on a day excursion!

Attractions of the Liguria Region

Cinque Terre – five small picturesque seaside villages – Monterosso al Mare, Vernazza, Corniglia, Manarola and Riomaggiore.

Dolceacqua – a small medieval hamlet in the backcountry, on the west side of the region, made famous by Claude Monet.

Il Golfo Dei Poeti – the Gulf of La Spezia has always been a preferred destination for writers and artists such as Lord Byron.

Sanremo – an elegant seaside resort famous for its music festival and its carnival, as well as its beaches and seafront.

Camogli – nestled in the rocks in the Gulf of Paradise, it is a charming village full of hiking trails.

La Riviera delle Palme – a stunning coast which includes the resorts of Alassio, Loano, Albenga, the Baia dei Saraceni and Finalborgo.

Triora – sadly noted for witch trials in the 1500s, it is a small hamlet with museums and festivals.

Taggia e Arma di Taggia – between the resorts of Arma di Taggia and Taggia there are popular hiking trails and motorcycle riding routes.

Genoa, Liguria, The 8 Regions of Northern Italy

Lombardy

Lombardy – an urban region with so much to enjoy for the culture lover. The capital of Lombardy is the sensational city of Milan.

Back in 2001, I visited Milan for a couple of nights to take in a football match at the San Siro Stadium โ€“ one of the world’s greatest football stadiums. As a sports fan it was something special to see your little team – Ipswich Town – play a competitive match against one of the football’s powerhouses – we got thrashed but who cares!

The trip to Milan also enabled me to discover the other highlights of a city that is known as one of the most important fashion capitals of the world. I recall walking down the Via Montenapoleone one of the top streets for the top fashion labels and being mesmerised by the people carrying the Armani, Boss and Gucci bags. The most incredible shopping centre and that is really what it is despite taking the appearance of an Opera House is the Grand Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II.

I also particularly loved the enormous Piazza del Duomo where you start to visit the historical sites. These include the magnificent Duomo di Milano cathedral, an impressive Opera House, ancient churches and a great variety of museums and art galleries.

I enjoyed my Autumn visit to Milan…..I loved just to sit with a coffee and watch the beautiful Milanese strutting around the city in the finest of clothes and darkest of shades.

Another key attraction of Lombardy is the quite magnificent Lake Como – Italie’s third biggest lake. This area has just the most stunning beauty not just in terms of the lake but also in the many towns that are dotted around the area. Some of the most popular retreats for the wealthy are Bellagio, Tremezzo and Varenna. Lake Como has attracted artists, poets and celebrities for centuries and it’s clear to see why.

Attractions of the Lombardy Region

Bergamo – a charming medieval historic city protected by walls of the XVI and XVII centuries and is a Unesco World Heritage site.

Orobie Alps – a protected mountain range and nature reserves stretching from Lake Como to Valtellina and Camonica Valley.

Mantua – a nature reserve surrounded by three lakes and a main centre of the Italian Renaissance.

Sirmione – a jewel on Lake Garda, renowned for its Roman remains and thermal waters.

Franciacorta – a popular wine region between Brescia and Lake Iseo.

Valtellina – a valley that offers endless opportunities for mountain sports, wellness, culture and good food.

Monte Isola – a green mountain island dotted with villages in the middle of Lake Iseo.

Sarnico-View, Lake Iseo

Sarnico-View, Lake Iseo

Piemonte

Piedmont or Piemonte in Italian is perhaps more of a winter region considering its impressive mountain landscapes. The capital of this region is Turin.

When people mention Turin to me I immediately think of football as this is home to Juventus (and Torino) – one of the world’s most famous football teams affectionately known as the “Grand Old Lady” of Italian football. The city is an important business and cultural centre however it is also known for its art galleries, restaurants, churches, palaces, opera houses, piazzas, gardens, theatres, museums and more!

Those who love their architecture are attracted by the sheer variety of periods represented including Renaissance, Baroque, Rococo, Neo-classical, and Art Nouveau. Many of Turin’s public squares, castles, gardens and elegant palaces such as the Palazzo Madama, were built between the 16th and 18th centuries and a part of the historical centre of Turin was inscribed on the World Heritage List. The city also boasts the famous Shroud of Turin.

Attractions of the Piemonte Region

Monviso – on the Piemonte side of Monte Rosa for stunning landscapes.

Val di Susa, Valsesia & Val d’Ossola – The Alps form the background for sweeping, picturesque valleys.

Langhe and Monferrato – Hills and vineyards that are dotted with small towns and castles.

Novara and Vercelli – Expanses of water and rice paddies, long rows of poplars and old farmhouses make up the typical scenery of the plains.

Lake Maggiore is a popular tourist resort, including Stresa and the Borromean Islands.

The fortress at Ivrea – as well as the famous Residences of the Royal House of Savoy and the Sacri Monti.

The Acqui Terme and Vinadio spas offer treatments and therapies

Lake Maggiore, Piemonte, Northern Italy
Lake Maggiore, Piemonte, Northern Italy

Trentino Alto Adige

Trentino Alto Adige is situated in the very north of Italy bordering Austria and Switzerland and is best known for the beauty of its mountain ranges. The regional capital is Trento.

Trento is considered to be one of the richest cities in all of Italy and so the citizens enjoy a high quality of life and standard of living due to its thriving economy. It also has a deep history given its involvement with various Empires and rulers and as such there are many beautiful historical structures such as the Duomo and Castello del Buonocnsiglio.

Furthermore, the city has a host of fine museums and galleries and some great shopping opportunities.

Attractions of the Trentino Alto Adige Region

Bolzano – One of my favourite places in Northern Italy is Bolzano with its influence of both Italian and German being so close to both countries in the Southern Tyrol.

Lake Garda is situated in three Italian regions – Lombardy, Veneto and Trentino Alte Aldige.

Madonna di Campiglio, Canazei, Moena, and San Martino di Castrozza are popular winter ski and summer activity resorts.

Merano, Lรจvico Terme, Peio, Rabbi and Comano Terme are well known in the region as spa towns.

Desenzano-Harbour-Lake-Garda
Desenzano-Harbour-Lake-Garda

Veneto

The region of Veneto is located in the northeast of Italy with rather unsurprisingly the capital being Venice.

I visited the pedestrianised and UNESCO-protected city of Venice back in the 1990s. I just found it breathtaking and whilst I was only there for two nights I could easily have stayed a week and revelled in the sights, the sounds and dare I say it the smells of this incredible city. There is music, architecture and food all in a setting of tiny streets (which you just have to explore) and a collection of islands linked by bridges and waterways.

The heart of Venice is St Mark’s Square and I recall staying in a tiny hotel just off a tight narrow side street. You know one of those hotels that had deep crimson flowery slightly grubby carpets and an old-fashioned noisy gated elevator with a lengthy pause before it opened its doors causing the heart to beat a little faster! I love that type of hotel.

St. Markโ€™s Square, or Piazza San Marco, is in the heart of the city and is often a great place to start your explorations. This is also the place for one of the most expensive coffees in the world although with the accompanying views it’s worth the money. From St Mark’s Square, I went up the Campanile di San Marco โ€“ the large bell tower at the corner of the square with superb views of the city.

For another great view and a 15-minute stroll along the Grand Canal from St Marks Square is the Ponte dellโ€™Accademia. This is the location for one of the best and most popular photos of Venice with boats and gondolas in the foreground and the Basilica di Santa Maria Della Salute framing the view at the end. Just breathtaking.

Then there is the Rialto Bridge โ€“ probably the most famous of all the bridges in Venice. The Rialto bridge gets its name from the Rialto market on the eastern bank of the river.

No trip to Venice is complete without a Gondola Ride however it’s not cheap at about 80 euros for 20-30 minutes and that’s the day rate – it goes up at night time. However, like the coffee in St Marks, itโ€™s the experience you are paying for and as long as you don’t get seasick then it’s worth it!

Another popular attraction is the Bridge of Sighs and Dogeโ€™s Palace. The powerful Doge was the ruler of the Venetian Republic. Just next to the Dogeโ€™s Palace is the Ponte Dei Sospiri, better known as the Bridge of Sighs.

The Lido, or Venice Lido is an eleven-kilometre narrow strip of land which separates the central part of the Venetian lagoon from the Adriatic Sea. Out of season, this immaculate resort provides a range of reasonably priced shops and restaurants. There are lovely views over the lagoon to Venice, and in winter and spring, you may be lucky enough, on a clear day, to see the snow-capped summits of the Dolomites. During the summer, however, the island’s hotels open for the season and hordes of beach lovers cross from the lagoon-shore ferry stop to enjoy the sun, the beach, the ice cream and a different side of Venice we all know and love.

Finally, there are the islands of Murano & Burano. Murano is famous for its glass-making centre and Burano for its brightly coloured fishermen’s houses and seafood restaurants.

Attractions of the Veneto Region

Verona – a city of love, fantastic shopping and restaurants and of course opera.

Lake Garda – for stunning villages, thermal spas and hiking/trekking opportunities.

The Palladian Villas – built around the mid-16th century, scattered in the provinces of Vicenza, Padua, Treviso and Rovigo.

Dolomiti Bellunesi  – Incredible mountain scenery of The Dolomites including the Three Peaks of Lavaredo, Marmolada, Monte Civetta

The Prosecco Hills – Home to the sparkling white wine vineyards between Conegliano and Valdobbiadene.

The Po River Delta – is a protected area of wetlands inhabited by more than 300 species of birds and a popular destination for birdwatching.

Cittadella – a fascinating walled city with medieval origins just a few kilometres from Padua.

Padua – a refined city worth a visit even only for admiring Giottoโ€™s masterpieces in the Scrovegni Chapel

Bassano del Grappa – located at the foot of Monte Grappa, itโ€™s famous for its covered wooden bridge.

The Grand Canal, Venice, Italy
The Grand Canal, Venice, Italy

Contact Information

For further information on taking a trip to any region of Italy or Europe, contact your local travel agent, a specialist tour operator or the Italian National Tourist Office.

An Introduction to Beekeeping with Oakdale Bees, Berkshire

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An Introduction to Beekeeping, Oakdale Bees
An Introduction to Beekeeping, Oakdale Bees
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Beekeeping With Oakdale Bees

When we look back over the past twelve months something we can probably all agree upon is the positive effect that nature has had on our lives. We have learned to appreciate those simple things in life. The fresh air, the glorious countryside and the diverse variety of wildlife are on our very doorstep.

The impact mother nature has had upon us at a time when our movement has been so restricted has helped not only our health, and our well-being but perhaps most importantly, our state of mind.

One of the past year’s most fashionable phrases and used by those pre-programmed politicians and marketing folk has been “the green shoots” of recovery. Yes, we are all desperate for those positive indications of change, however, let’s not forget where we would have been without the green shoots in our countryside. Those invigorating walks, the parks in which to meet, the bird song, the flowering shrubs and that previously taken-for-granted British wildlife to raise a smile and to take us to a happier less stressed place in our crazy upturned lives.

A Miniature Hero

A vital cog in Mother Nature’s wheel and one that brings enjoyment to many, yet also fear and trepidation to others, is the complex, fascinating and downright rather bonkers world of the honeybee.

In recent years we have all become aware of the alarming decline in our bee population due to loss of habitat, disease, climate change, invasive species and those nasty pesticides. As a result, we are now encouraged to purchase bee-friendly plants and prepare bug enticing habitats and we are warned of the dangers of applying chemicals in our gardens.

Despite all of these challenges, the bee remains the gardener’s friend due partly to the fact these little characters, along with other pollinators like butterflies and moths, play a huge part in the reproduction of 80% of Europe’s plant species.

As a lover of insects and in particular bees I was therefore delighted to be invited recently by Oakdale Bees in Windsor, Berkshire to attend one of their “Beekeeping Experience Days” where I was allowed to understand more about beekeeping and the charming honeybee – one of natures miniature heroes.

The Story So Far

Some of life’s hidden treasures are often found at the end of a narrow, winding, country lane and sure enough, the directions to Oakdale Bees involved just such a journey deep into their rich green four-acre site. Amongst a wooded backdrop and a chorus of birdsong, I was greeted by our host and the owner of Oakdale Bees, Elisabeth, as well as a small flock of rather amusing and characteristically upright, Indian Runner Ducks.

Upon arrival and after a few health and safety formalities we soon learned of some of the other wildlife that frequents this wild haven including Priscilla the Blue Parrot which has been known to guard over poorly ducks and a family of white doves currently in the process of moving home.

Eleven years ago, Elisabeth and her husband Mark, with backgrounds in the hotel and special effects industries took over the kennels and cattery that is part of the site.

As if this was not enough, Elisabeth also had a desire and a passion to keep bees as a hobby so following detailed research she signed up to a beekeeping course. She was soon hooked and subsequently teamed up with apiarist, Ken, who was to become her “Bee Buddy” and someone whom she could bounce ideas off, get help with some of the more physical aspects of the pastime and share experiences as she learned the art of beekeeping.

A diploma in beekeeping followed, a swarm was acquired, a flight path to developing their passion was mapped out and work started on creating a bee-friendly habitat amongst their meadows and trees. A Bee Barn was constructed and tastefully decorated with hand-painted drawings of local wildlife. Furnishings were added both to the interior and outside terrace all to ensure that time spent at the Bee Barn was both comfortable and at one with nature.ย 

So after a gentle stroll from the car park, both myself and five other budding “Apiarist Newbies” gathered at this very Bee Barn for the start of our “Introduction to Beekeeping” Experience Day.

Introductions

With coffee and a selection of cakes that Delia would be proud of, Elisabeth outlined the plans for our day and formally introduced us to the fully suited and booted Ken, her bee buddy. She then invited each of us guests to make our introductions.

Some of the guests wanted to get a feel for beekeeping and understand if it was really for them. Could they take that next step and start keeping bees in their garden or allotment – what was involved, how much would it cost, did they have the space and how would the neighbours react?

Another guest was challenging herself as she had a fear of bees – a Melissophobia to be more precise. I found this both fascinating and inspiring.

One guest worked at a school so was considering ways to use an area of land which could include a hive and play a part in educating kids on the values of nature and the countryside.

Others were here just to learn and enjoy a fun day out.

Beekeeping – Then & Now

As Elisabeth started to introduce us to the basics of beekeeping it soon became obvious that she has a real passion and love for the bees. She finds the whole experience rewarding and although Oakdale Bees is a small independent business she is undoubtedly doing it for the welfare of her bees which is so refreshing.

She explained with sadness how the demise of the bee in recent years has been due to loss of habitat, hedgerows, natural meadows and also a reduction in the number of beekeepers themselves.

Back in World War Two honey was a popular source of sugar but today there are no sugar shortages and due to intensive farming there are 75% fewer beekeepers than back in those days.

One fact I found incredible was that 90% of the UK’s honey that you see on our supermarket shelves comes from….. wait for it… China. If ever there was a reason to take up beekeeping or track down your local beekeeper then this is it.

What’s more when you buy this mass-produced honey much of it is typically filtered, blended and pasteurised so much of the natural goodness has been removed.

There are over 16,000 known species of bee worldwide with 270 of those in the UK but many under threat. The main bee species that exist in the UK include Bumblebees, Mason Bees, Carpenter Bees and of course, the Honeybee. The domesticated honeybees kept here at Oakdale are the Buckfast variety as in the Abbey in Devon.

The Structure of the Beehive

Wild honeybees would naturally build their nests in dead tree hollows or dry stone walls and often these will be near to a source of water. As a little tip for all you budding gardeners, try placing a small bowl in your garden and adding some stones so the bees can perch to drink.

We however were here to learn about keeping domesticated honeybees and a very important aspect of the day was to understand the structure of a hive which is divided into seven segments.

From bottom to top:

1. Hive Stand – This is the base that raises the hive off the floor to help keep it dry.

2. Bottom Board – The floor of the hive and containing the hole where the bees will come and go.

3. The Brood Box – This is effectively the living quarters for the queen and where she will lay her eggs in the hanging frames that we are all familiar with. Eggs take 3 days to turn into larvae where they are fed by queen bees. After another 3 days, they reach their full size and the cell is capped with wax. In another 14 days, the larvae pupate into a fully formed bee and break their way through the wax.

4. Queen Excluder – This is a flat section which remarkably has holes just big enough to allow the workers to pass through but not the larger queen who is only allowed in her brood chamber.

5. Supers – The next section is the area the queen cannot access and contains frames where the workers make the honey but it is not “contaminated” with eggs laid by the queen. They are called supers as they are elevated above the brood box and considered superior.

6. Inner Cover – This helps to provide insulation and ventilation.

7. Cover – a lid that wraps around the inner cover providing additional protection from bad weather.

A Lifecycle of a Bee

Within the honeybee family, there consists of one Queen, Female Workers, Male Drone bees and Larvae (the baby bees). Now the life cycle of these bees is fascinating and another part of the day is explained in great detail using excellent visual displays. One particular aspect which was somewhat disturbing to the male humans in the bee barn as well as a source of amusement to the females, is the life cycle of the male drone bee. If I was to say that his sole purpose in life was to mate you may not think that’s too bad a gig. However when you understand that he performs his rather explosive act with such vigour that his penis remains inside the queen, causing his abdomen to rupture and his life to end. Then along comes one of his pals (another drone) – who removes his leftover parts from the queen and performs the same process! What can I say – I guess it’s not such a bad way to go really.ย 

The Bee Calendar

So having understood the history, the hive, the types of bees and their lifecycle we then needed to get a grip on the bee calendar which runs from the shortest day to the longest day of the year.

December – Around 3,000-5,000 bees congregate around the Queen bee in the brood box of the hive and flap their wings to generate warmth. As we approach the 22 December – the shortest day of the year she prepares to lay her eggs. The Beekeeper will not open the hive between December and late February.

January/February – The Queen will increase her output of eggs and if the weather is over 10 degrees then bees will go out to forage for food and energy thus helping them to create warmth.

March – As the temperature warms the Queen will be laying up to 1,000 eggs per day. At this time the Bee Keepers’s work starts with weekly inspections to ensure they have a healthy hive as well as to ensure equipment is ready for the season ahead.

April – The egg-laying process increases to up to 1,500 eggs per day.

May – In May there is a level of surface honey which can and should be collected by the beekeeper as space is very important for the bee.

June – As we approach the longest day of the year 22nd June the queen is laying 2,000 eggs a day and a hive may contain an incredible 60,000 bees however from that moment she will start to reduce her output and the number of bees will subside.

August /September – This is the time for the collection of the wonderful summer honey.

October / November – Hives are treated for mite infections and prepared for the winter months ahead.

Honey Production

All honeybees whether wild or domesticated of course make honey as a source of food and as we all know honey is made from nectar. Popular plants that are rich in nectar and pollen include bluebells and snowdrops in the spring, lavender and rosemary in the summer, honeysuckle in the autumn and even ivy in the winter months.

Once the bees have placed this nectar into the hive they fan it with their wings to dehydrate it. Nectar is 20% sugar and 80% water so by dehydrating it they reduce the water content by 75%.

Honey is generally removed by a beekeeper a couple of times each year, in late spring and late summer, with some honey always left for the bees to feed upon over the winter months. If the beekeeper does not remove the honey then the hive will become full and the colony of bees will swarm.

Interestingly, my understanding was that when bees swarmed they were angry and a danger but all they were doing was looking for a new home.

Suited & Booted

With all of that information understood it was time to leave the Bee Barn, nip to the compostable Pee Pod and slip into something more comfortable as we donned our bee suits and headed into the meadow to see for ourselves what the Buckfast Bees of Oakdale were up to!

Ken and Elisabeth assisted, ensuring not only that you have the right size outfit but also two pairs of gloves to ensure none slip through the gaps up your sleeve. Apparently, no guest has ever been stung on a Bee Experience Day so we were in safe hands!

Speaking of which it was then over to Ken in his natty master beekeeper’s outfit and wielding a smoke can to introduce us to the procedures for entering the hive area.

Of course, there was time for a well-orchestrated and if I say so myself a rather glamorous group shot.

Up Close & Personal

Before long we were all huddled around a hive while Ken, with a puff of calming smoke, for the bees, not us, slowly took it apart. Of course, with our earlier tuition, each element of the hive made perfect sense.

His first task was to find the queen bee and after a few frames were removed the proud Queen complete with a coloured crayon mark on her back was identified for all to see.

Ken, who was slowly attracting more bees to his persil white attire, expertly answered questions and gave us more information while we all calmly watched amid an increasingly noisy bee hive. The troops were disturbed however they were not unhappy.

We were allowed to hold some of the heavy frames and as always I wanted a picture so nonchalantly passed a frame full of busy bees over to the guest to my right only to realise it was the lady with Melissophobia – a fear of bees. To her credit she took it all in her stride so after a few snaps and with the frame back in the safe hands of Ken we were able to have a giggle.

As well as this pen of hives we were shown several different types of hives set within the meadow including a new Australian plastic version with taps to drain the honey. New technology is coming to try to make things easier…ย  however, sometimes I feel the old traditions are the best.

I enjoyed the information provided in the field especially after the classroom tuition as it all came together and made perfect sense. It was also a joy witnessing first-hand the care and attention that Ken gave to both his bees and also to us.

A Spoonful of Honey

We changed out of our bee suits and were then served up a delicious ploughman’s lunch together with of course, a spoonful of Oakdale honey all washed down with a choice of beer, wine or soft drinks.

Elisabeth closed our Beekeeping Experience Day by advising us that should we wish to further our interest then joining a local society would be a great step as would signing up for a course where you can co-manage a hive, but without the initial investment and commitment to buy.

If full Beekeeping was not for you then suggestions were made to make your garden more wildlife-friendly by placing piles of sticks and logs in a corner, planting wildflowers and of course avoiding the use of pesticides.

After a few more questions our day was almost over although we took a small detour en route back to the car park via a developing and beautiful bluebell wood that was in full bloom.

That’s a Wrap

Both myself and all of the guests thoroughly enjoyed our introduction to beekeeping and would highly recommend these fabulous experience days.

As a first taste of keeping bees, I found it to be extremely informative and will certainly make you appreciate the precarious life of the honeybee but also the good that small businesses like Oakdales Bees are doing to conserve and care for one of our most important species of wildlife.

Everything runs like clockwork. Both Ken and Elisabeth are such lovely welcoming and fun hosts, the Bee Barn is a joy and is set within beautiful countryside. The food was perfect and the bees…. well they did what all good busy bees do and put on a show for us newbies.

Beekeeping makes you learn the art of patience as a successful beekeeper is not created overnight. The benefits to your well-being and state of mind by being out in the fresh air and working with nature cannot ever be underestimated and one of the many reasons why we should all do our best to protect and cherish these animals whether it is as a fully-fledged beekeeper or simply as a gardener with a love and interest in our countryside.

Contact Information

Oakdale Bees is located near Windsor just a stone’s throw from Legoland and just off the M4 motorway at junction 6.

The Tarbay Centre,
Tarbay Lane,
Oakley Green,
Windsor,
Berkshire,
United Kingdom
SL4 4QG

Telephone: 01753 868816
E-Mail: info@oakdalebees.com
Website: www.oakdalebees.co.uk

The British Beekeeping Association
www.bbka.org.uk

The Bumblebee Conservation Trust
www.bumblebeeconservation.org

Montenegro

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Montenegro Travel Blog
Montenegro Travel Blog
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Introducing Montenegro

The small country of Montenegro, one of Europe’s best-kept secrets, packs a punch when it comes to reasons why you would want to visit. Majestic mountains are rising from the sea, ancient walled towns, luxury hotels, sensational beaches, and a nightlife that is bursting at the seams in the hot summer months.

Montenegro is also a great place to get active with opportunities for hiking, water rafting, and zip lining in the national parks not to mention the seaside and all the activities available there.

The food in Montenegro has been influenced by many regions over the years and is often made with seasonal ingredients and olive oil. Fish and seafood dishes such as prawn Buzara are of course popular on the coast. Head up into the hills and meat dishes are popular with favorites of mine the steaks, Cevapi and Pljeskavica. The light pastry known as Burek can be enjoyed both sweet for breakfast or savoury at other times of the day and is a common dish found throughout the Balkan peninsular.

For those of you looking to discover the beauty of the Adriatic Riviera then the country of Montenegro simply has to be on the list.

I was lucky enough to visit back in 2013 and you can read my Montenegro Road Trip blog here.

Key Information

Continent Europe
CapitalPodgorica
CurrencyEuro
LanguageMontenegrin
VisaFCO Advice
VaccinationsVaccination Advice
Tourist OfficeVisit Montenegro

Getting Around

Bus
Buses are an excellent means of transport in Montenegro and link all major towns and are both affordable and reliable.

Car
Hiring a car will give you the freedom to explore some of Montenegro’s incredible scenery however be aware that mountain roads are daunting and only for the confident driver

Trains
Trains are cheap but the network is limited so make sure you plan.

Air
There are two airports in Montenegro โ€“ Podgorica, and Tivat however there are no domestic flights available within the country.

Bicycle
Cycling is rare although in some parts of the country, the countryside would be ideal for cyclists.

Boat
Taxi boats during the summer months and ferry services are available in the summer and operate a limited program in other months.  

Top Things To See & Do

Becici
For those looking to relax and enjoy the sunshine coupled with luxury accommodation then Becici is possibly the best holiday resort in the country with a magnificent beach.

Budva
A playground for the rich and famous the town of Budva is throbbing in the summer months both on the beaches, in the bars and clubs, and throughout the town’s small cobbled streets.

Durmitor National Park
In the northernmost corner of the country is Durmitor National Park which is a great place for hiking, kayaking, and other extreme mountain sports.

KotorA UNESCO World Heritage-listed fortified town with a seafaring history town of Kotor is the country’s most visited destination.

Lake Skadar
The largest lake on the Balkan peninsular is shared across both Montenegro and Albania. Not only is it beautiful but also home to many species of birds and wildlife making it ideal for nature enthusiasts.

Perast
This tiny hillside town on the banks of the Bay of Kotor is considered one of the most beautiful places in Montenegro.

Stari Bar
This old historic town, set up in the hills and close to the Albanian border is full of history and beauty, especially the old aqueduct.

Sveti Stefan
This stunning small inlet along the Adriatic has for half a century been an exclusive hotel where many celebrities can be spotted.

Tara River Canyon
Part of Durmitor National Park, the Tara River Canyon borders Bosnia and Herzegovina and is popular for white water rafting in the spring and summer months. The Montenegrin town of Zabljak and the lovely Durdevica bridge is worth a visit.

Ulcinj
An old town with a laid-back seaside feel on a glorious long 13 km beach.

Pre-bookable Excursions in Montenegro

More Information

Contact Visit Montenegro or your local travel agent for more information on holidays to Montenegro.

Bulgaria

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Bulgaria Summer Travel Blog
Bulgaria Summer Travel Blog
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Introducing Bulgaria

The Balkan country of Bulgaria has a multitude of different terrains from the pristine sandy beaches on the Black Sea to the rugged mountain interior including at the base of the Vitosha mountain, the capital city of Sofia.

The country is made up of various cultures including Greek, Slavic, Ottoman, and Persian influences.

There is a rich heritage of traditional dance, music, costumes, and crafts which are most visible off the beaten track rather than in the purpose-built holiday resorts of Sunny Beach and Golden Sands for which the country is currently best known.

The age-old tradition of shaking your head for yes and nodding for no is a quirky oddity and one which throws an unsuspecting tourist so beware!

Key Information

Continent Europe
CapitalSofia
CurrencyBulgarian Lev
LanguageBulgarian
VisaFCO Advice
VaccinationsVaccination Advice
Tourist OfficeBulgaria Tourist Board

Getting Around

Car – If you are heading to the more remote villages or monasteries then by far the most convenient way to get around is by car although road conditions vary from good to downright awful.

Bus – The most reliable and favourable means of transport between cities is by bus. Local buses reach most villages, though these services are usually infrequent, or seasonal in ski or beach destinations.

Taxi – Standard rules for taxis abroad in that you should agree on a fare in advance of the trip.

Train – Not the quickest form of transport in Bulgaria however if you like the slow pace of life then the scenery can be enjoyed to the fullest.

Air – Bulgaria Air features internal services between Sofia and Varna and Sofia and Bourgas.

Boat – There are some seasonal Black Sea routes however it is of course best to check at the time of your stay to ensure all is running to plan.

Top 20 Things To See & Do in Bulgaria

  1. Sofia: Explore Bulgaria’s capital city, Sofia, and visit landmarks like Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, the National Palace of Culture, and Vitosha Boulevard for shopping and dining.
  2. Rila Monastery: Marvel at the stunning Rila Monastery, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its intricate frescoes, architecture, and spiritual significance.
  3. Plovdiv: Discover the ancient city of Plovdiv, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Europe, and explore its well-preserved Old Town, Roman amphitheatre, and charming cobblestone streets.
  4. Black Sea Coast: Relax on the sandy beaches of Bulgaria’s Black Sea Coast, including popular resorts like Sunny Beach, Golden Sands, and Sozopol, known for their vibrant nightlife and water sports.
  5. Rila National Park: Hike through the breathtaking landscapes of Rila National Park, home to the Seven Rila Lakes, alpine meadows, and diverse wildlife, including brown bears and eagles.
  6. Veliko Tarnovo: Step back in time in Veliko Tarnovo, the former medieval capital of Bulgaria, and explore the Tsarevets Fortress, Samovodska Charshia Street, and Asen’s Fortress.
  7. Bansko: Hit the slopes in Bansko, Bulgaria’s premier ski resort, offering world-class skiing and snowboarding facilities, as well as a charming old town with traditional taverns and shops.
  8. Nessebar: Wander through the ancient town of Nessebar, a UNESCO World Heritage site, and admire its well-preserved medieval churches, cobblestone streets, and sea views.
  9. Vitosha Mountain: Escape to Vitosha Mountain, just outside Sofia, for hiking, skiing, and stunning panoramic views of the city and surrounding countryside.
  10. Koprivshtitsa: Experience Bulgarian history and culture in Koprivshtitsa, a picturesque town known for its well-preserved 19th-century architecture, colourful houses, and museums.
  11. Bulgarian Cuisine: Indulge in traditional Bulgarian cuisine, including hearty dishes like banitsa, kavarma, and shopska salad, as well as Bulgarian wines and rakia.
  12. Thracian Tombs: Discover the ancient Thracian heritage of Bulgaria by visiting Thracian tombs and archaeological sites like the Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak and the Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari.
  13. Varna: Visit the coastal city of Varna, Bulgaria’s third-largest city, and explore its archaeological museum, Sea Garden, and the Roman Baths.
  14. Pirin National Park: Explore the pristine wilderness of Pirin National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its rugged mountains, glacial lakes, and diverse flora and fauna.
  15. Devetashka Cave: Venture into Devetashka Cave, one of Bulgaria’s largest caves, and marvel at its impressive rock formations, underground river, and resident bat colony.
  16. Belogradchik Rocks: Admire the natural beauty of the Belogradchik Rocks, a stunning rock formation in northwest Bulgaria, featuring towering sandstone cliffs and unique rock formations.
  17. Shipka Pass: Journey through Shipka Pass, a scenic mountain pass in the Balkan Mountains, and visit the Shipka Memorial Church and Monument to Liberty.
  18. Bulgarian Rose Valley: Experience the beauty and fragrance of the Bulgarian Rose Valley, known for its rose oil production, rose fields, and annual Rose Festival in Kazanlak.
  19. Pomorie Salt Pans: Explore the Pomorie Salt Pans, a unique natural phenomenon where salt is harvested from shallow coastal lagoons, and learn about traditional salt production methods.
  20. Buzludzha Monument: Discover the abandoned Buzludzha Monument, a futuristic communist-era building perched atop a mountain peak, offering panoramic views and a glimpse into Bulgaria’s history.

Pre-bookable Excursions in Bulgaria

More Information

Contact the Bulgaria Tourist Board or your local travel agent for more information on holidays to Bulgaria.